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<p align="justify">Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-translated molecules longer than 200 nucleotides that have been extensively studied in mammal genomes. Their roles are diverse, involved in chromatin modifications, transcriptional regulation, and conformational changes in proteins. However, this class of RNAs remains still largely uninvestigated in plants with few exceptions. For instance, IPS1 is a lncRNA expressed upon phosphate starvation and it is believed to counteract the activity of the miR399 on PHO2, which in turn regulates the expression of phosphate transporter genes. In Arabidopsis, the lncRNA COLDAIR was showed to be required to establish and maintain a stable silenced state of FLC by recruiting the histone methylase PRC2, thus affecting flowering time. Finally, in Medicago truncatula, the lncRNA Enod40 was showed to participate in the establishment of symbiotic interactions with soil-bacteria by affecting nodule formation. These findings highlight that lncRNA could be of great interest in plant biology and in breeding as regulating important agronomic traits. In order to deepen our understanding of the role of lncRNAs in plant biology, their comprehensive annotation is mandatory. To achieve this goal, we used a computational approach to annotate lncRNAs from RNA-seq data. Our pipeline let to distinguish lncRNA from protein-coding and other classes of non-coding RNAs, such as rRNA, precursors of miRNAs, etc. We identified thousands of putative lncRNAs using publicly available RNA-seq data in 2 monocotyledons, 7 dicotyledons, and a green algae. The identified sequences will be analyzed in order to assign a putative function and to study their conservation among different taxa. With the aim to facilitate the study of lncRNAs for the plant research community, we present the Green Non-Coding Database (GreeNC) that will provide information about sequence, expression levels, genomic context, ontology and phylogeny of lncRNAs in plants.</p> | <p align="justify">Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-translated molecules longer than 200 nucleotides that have been extensively studied in mammal genomes. Their roles are diverse, involved in chromatin modifications, transcriptional regulation, and conformational changes in proteins. However, this class of RNAs remains still largely uninvestigated in plants with few exceptions. For instance, IPS1 is a lncRNA expressed upon phosphate starvation and it is believed to counteract the activity of the miR399 on PHO2, which in turn regulates the expression of phosphate transporter genes. In Arabidopsis, the lncRNA COLDAIR was showed to be required to establish and maintain a stable silenced state of FLC by recruiting the histone methylase PRC2, thus affecting flowering time. Finally, in Medicago truncatula, the lncRNA Enod40 was showed to participate in the establishment of symbiotic interactions with soil-bacteria by affecting nodule formation. These findings highlight that lncRNA could be of great interest in plant biology and in breeding as regulating important agronomic traits. In order to deepen our understanding of the role of lncRNAs in plant biology, their comprehensive annotation is mandatory. To achieve this goal, we used a computational approach to annotate lncRNAs from RNA-seq data. Our pipeline let to distinguish lncRNA from protein-coding and other classes of non-coding RNAs, such as rRNA, precursors of miRNAs, etc. We identified thousands of putative lncRNAs using publicly available RNA-seq data in 2 monocotyledons, 7 dicotyledons, and a green algae. The identified sequences will be analyzed in order to assign a putative function and to study their conservation among different taxa. With the aim to facilitate the study of lncRNAs for the plant research community, we present the Green Non-Coding Database (GreeNC) that will provide information about sequence, expression levels, genomic context, ontology and phylogeny of lncRNAs in plants.</p> | ||
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<div class="right">Aquí aniria la extenció de "latest news" que hi ha al http://prgdb.crg.eu/</div> | <div class="right">Aquí aniria la extenció de "latest news" que hi ha al http://prgdb.crg.eu/</div> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
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{{#BioDB:stats|null}} | {{#BioDB:stats|null}} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:80%; width=50%" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:80%; width=50%" | ||
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-translated molecules longer than 200 nucleotides that have been extensively studied in mammal genomes. Their roles are diverse, involved in chromatin modifications, transcriptional regulation, and conformational changes in proteins. However, this class of RNAs remains still largely uninvestigated in plants with few exceptions. For instance, IPS1 is a lncRNA expressed upon phosphate starvation and it is believed to counteract the activity of the miR399 on PHO2, which in turn regulates the expression of phosphate transporter genes. In Arabidopsis, the lncRNA COLDAIR was showed to be required to establish and maintain a stable silenced state of FLC by recruiting the histone methylase PRC2, thus affecting flowering time. Finally, in Medicago truncatula, the lncRNA Enod40 was showed to participate in the establishment of symbiotic interactions with soil-bacteria by affecting nodule formation. These findings highlight that lncRNA could be of great interest in plant biology and in breeding as regulating important agronomic traits. In order to deepen our understanding of the role of lncRNAs in plant biology, their comprehensive annotation is mandatory. To achieve this goal, we used a computational approach to annotate lncRNAs from RNA-seq data. Our pipeline let to distinguish lncRNA from protein-coding and other classes of non-coding RNAs, such as rRNA, precursors of miRNAs, etc. We identified thousands of putative lncRNAs using publicly available RNA-seq data in 2 monocotyledons, 7 dicotyledons, and a green algae. The identified sequences will be analyzed in order to assign a putative function and to study their conservation among different taxa. With the aim to facilitate the study of lncRNAs for the plant research community, we present the Green Non-Coding Database (GreeNC) that will provide information about sequence, expression levels, genomic context, ontology and phylogeny of lncRNAs in plants.
| Taxon | Gene number | Transcript number | High confidence | Hits against transposons | miRNA precursors
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Actinidia chinensis (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
960 | 961 | 591 | 146 | 10 |
| Aegilops tauschii (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
15463 | 34092 | 18060 | 6749 | 958 |
| Amaranthus hypocondriacus (Phytozome 13)
|
2075 | 2083 | 1476 | 103 | 25 |
| Aquilegia coerulea (Phytozome 13)
|
4321 | 4868 | 3545 | 447 | 46 |
| Arabidopsis halleri (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
2448 | 2508 | 1814 | 251 | 73 |
| Arabidopsis lyrata (Phytozome 13)
|
2593 | 2676 | 1831 | 280 | 38 |
| Arabidopsis thaliana (Phytozome 13)
|
1772 | 2254 | 1602 | 271 | 14 |
| Arabis alpina (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
1857 | 1919 | 1304 | 198 | 22 |
| Beta vulgaris (Phytozome 13)
|
4843 | 4980 | 3538 | 574 | 93 |
| Boechera stricta (Phytozome 13)
|
1932 | 2019 | 1416 | 192 | 16 |
| Brachypodium stacei (Phytozome 13)
|
2986 | 3195 | 2332 | 496 | 104 |
| Brassica napus (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
9060 | 9060 | 6554 | 526 | 70 |
| Brassica rapa (Phytozome 13)
|
2563 | 2674 | 1889 | 209 | 33 |
| Camelina sativa (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
6099 | 6200 | 4072 | 477 | 59 |
| Capsella rubella (Phytozome 13)
|
1720 | 1812 | 1294 | 127 | 23 |
| Capsicum annuum (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
2124 | 2124 | 1154 | 417 | 6 |
| Chara braunii (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
595 | 596 | 269 | 171 | 31 |
| Chenopodium quinoa (Phytozome 13)
|
1935 | 1935 | 1279 | 214 | 6 |
| Chondrus crispus (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
1465 | 1465 | 1293 | 24 | 31 |
| Chromochloris zofingiensis (Phytozome 13)
|
1457 | 1457 | 1186 | 113 | 11 |
| Cicer arietinum (Phytozome 13)
|
2004 | 2004 | 1663 | 82 | 7 |
| Cinnamomum kanehirae (Phytozome 13)
|
1237 | 1237 | 806 | 74 | 5 |
| Citrullus lanatus (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
2471 | 2471 | 2112 | 76 | 22 |
| Coffea canephora (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
1861 | 1861 | 1319 | 149 | 16 |
| Corchorus capsularis (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
2210 | 2210 | 1680 | 80 | 11 |
| Cucumis melo (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
5001 | 5001 | 3921 | 414 | 19 |
| Cucumis sativus (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
3459 | 3459 | 2465 | 118 | 22 |
| Cyanidioschyzon merolae (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
141 | 141 | 77 | 7 | 1 |
| Cynara cardunculus (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
1756 | 1756 | 1034 | 115 | 14 |
| Dioscorea alata (Phytozome 13)
|
1531 | 1728 | 1016 | 244 | 15 |
| Eragrostis curvula (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
6042 | 6042 | 4712 | 509 | 30 |
| Eragrostis tef (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
2437 | 2437 | 1701 | 97 | 14 |
| Glycine max (Phytozome 13)
|
5137 | 5978 | 4246 | 625 | 76 |
| Gossypium barbadense (Phytozome 13)
|
7619 | 8720 | 6146 | 731 | 72 |
| Gossypium darwinii (Phytozome 13)
|
8569 | 9299 | 6811 | 639 | 60 |
| Gossypium hirsutum (Phytozome 13)
|
8006 | 9222 | 6461 | 787 | 81 |
| Gossypium mustelinum (Phytozome 13)
|
7953 | 9233 | 6467 | 793 | 77 |
| Gossypium raimondii (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
3800 | 4555 | 3000 | 461 | 53 |
| Gossypium tomentosum (Phytozome 13)
|
9009 | 10090 | 7504 | 681 | 77 |
| Helianthus annuus (Phytozome 13)
|
8197 | 8197 | 5580 | 795 | 67 |
| Hordeum vulgare (Phytozome 13)
|
12659 | 23867 | 11477 | 5740 | 872 |
| Juglans regia (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
662 | 664 | 404 | 102 | 3 |
| Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi (Phytozome 13)
|
3206 | 3568 | 2428 | 368 | 66 |
| Lactuca sativa (Phytozome 13)
|
4949 | 5395 | 4095 | 150 | 24 |
| Leersia perrieri (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
3353 | 3676 | 2910 | 297 | 37 |
| Lupinus albus (Phytozome 13)
|
4869 | 4869 | 3179 | 881 | 54 |
| Lupinus angustifolius (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
1684 | 1686 | 1285 | 102 | 6 |
| Manihot esculenta (Phytozome 13)
|
2304 | 2655 | 1875 | 316 | 55 |
| Marchantia polymorpha (Phytozome 13)
|
2896 | 3196 | 2665 | 260 | 47 |
| Medicago truncatula (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
8986 | 9093 | 5288 | 2584 | 102 |
| Musa acuminata (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
2091 | 2214 | 1592 | 127 | 16 |
| Nicotiana attenuata (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
3851 | 3851 | 2361 | 924 | 40 |
| Nymphaea colorata (Phytozome 13)
|
1763 | 2055 | 1356 | 240 | 26 |
| Olea europaea (Phytozome 13)
|
5516 | 5516 | 3140 | 508 | 21 |
| Oropetium thomaeum (Phytozome 13)
|
4122 | 4122 | 3448 | 54 | 13 |
| Oryza barthii (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
5339 | 5600 | 4461 | 588 | 51 |
| Oryza brachyantha (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
4575 | 4575 | 3454 | 422 | 43 |
| Oryza glaberrima (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
4807 | 4807 | 3334 | 1017 | 29 |
| Oryza glumipatula (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
5402 | 5837 | 4536 | 719 | 55 |
| Oryza longistaminata (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
3150 | 3150 | 2334 | 74 | 16 |
| Oryza meridionalis (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
4389 | 4818 | 3496 | 832 | 67 |
| Oryza nivara (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
6077 | 6586 | 4875 | 757 | 64 |
| Oryza punctata (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
3850 | 4114 | 3233 | 440 | 39 |
| Oryza rufipogon (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
6357 | 6801 | 5006 | 837 | 66 |
| Oryza sativa (Phytozome 13)
|
5395 | 5724 | 3788 | 1435 | 104 |
| Panicum hallii (Phytozome 13)
|
2331 | 2389 | 2792 | 522 | 37 |
| Panicum virgatum (Phytozome 13)
|
9607 | 10438 | 7543 | 1958 | 90 |
| Papaver somniferum (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
5025 | 5025 | 3566 | 432 | 50 |
| Pistacia vera (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
1360 | 1360 | 952 | 78 | 7 |
| Poncirus trifoliata (Phytozome 13)
|
1660 | 1795 | 1233 | 174 | 10 |
| Porphyra umbilicalis (Phytozome 13)
|
934 | 938 | 799 | 20 | 3 |
| Prunus avium (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
8673 | 8673 | 6035 | 1530 | 85 |
| Prunus dulcis (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
4320 | 4381 | 2596 | 1181 | 109 |
| Quercus lobata (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
1873 | 1873 | 1011 | 374 | 25 |
| Rosa chinensis (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
11326 | 11326 | 6919 | 2478 | 104 |
| Saccharum spontaneum (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
7488 | 7488 | 5252 | 823 | 51 |
| Salix purpurea (Phytozome 13)
|
3625 | 4070 | 2916 | 396 | 48 |
| Sesamum indicum (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
2515 | 2515 | 1783 | 101 | 12 |
| Setaria viridis (Phytozome 13)
|
4897 | 5427 | 3948 | 1025 | 62 |
| Solanum lycopersicum (Phytozome 13)
|
4242 | 4242 | 2767 | 471 | 29 |
| Solanum tuberosum (Phytozome 13)
|
7181 | 8005 | 3302 | 2022 | 46 |
| Sorghum bicolor (Phytozome 13)
|
4454 | 5107 | 2973 | 1726 | 77 |
| Trifolium pratense (Phytozome 13)
|
5314 | 5402 | 3140 | 830 | 44 |
| Triticum aestivum (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
6619 | 6710 | 4833 | 656 | 78 |
| Triticum dicoccoides (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
18737 | 38102 | 21006 | 4356 | 316 |
| Triticum spelta (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
8829 | 8829 | 6753 | 559 | 37 |
| Triticum turgidum (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
5523 | 5870 | 4166 | 346 | 18 |
| Triticum urartu (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
4588 | 4588 | 3068 | 281 | 16 |
| Vigna angularis (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
3325 | 3325 | 2310 | 172 | 31 |
| Vigna radiata (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
1255 | 1268 | 813 | 80 | 21 |
| Vigna unguiculata (Phytozome 13)
|
2719 | 3083 | 2270 | 256 | 52 |
| Vitis vinifera (Phytozome 13)
|
2711 | 2978 | 2010 | 243 | 16 |
| Zea mays (Ensembl Plants 51)
|
5915 | 6301 | 2934 | 1061 | 24 |
| Zea mays (Phytozome 13)
|
4385 | 7129 | 4203 | 252 | 65 |